Introduction
Perms have been a popular hairstyle for decades, offering individuals a way to achieve long-lasting curls or waves without the daily hassle of styling. While the perm process can be intimidating to some, with the right preparation and knowledge, you can achieve the perfect perm right at home. In this comprehensive guide, we will walk you through the steps of how to perm your hair, from preparation to aftercare, ensuring you achieve beautiful, voluminous curls that last.
What is a Perm?
A perm, short for permanent wave, is a chemical treatment that alters the structure of the hair to create curls or waves that last for several months. The process involves applying a solution to the hair that breaks down the disulfide bonds in the hair shaft, allowing the hair to be reshaped into a curly or wavy pattern. Once the desired curl pattern is achieved, a neutralizer is applied to re-form the disulfide bonds and lock in the new shape.
There are different types of perms available, ranging from loose, beachy waves to tight, spiral curls. The size of the perm rods used will determine the size and tightness of the curls. It is essential to consult with a professional stylist or do thorough research before deciding on the type of perm you want, as the results can vary depending on your hair type and desired outcome.
Preparing for a Perm
Before getting a perm, there are several essential steps you need to take to prepare your hair for the chemical treatment. These steps will help ensure that your hair is in optimal condition and will help the perm last longer and look better.
Consult with a professional stylist: Before attempting to perm your hair at home, it is recommended to consult with a professional stylist. They can assess the condition of your hair and recommend the best type of perm for your hair type and desired outcome. They can also provide valuable advice on how to care for your permed hair after the treatment.
Assess your hair’s condition: It is essential to evaluate the condition of your hair before getting a perm. If your hair is damaged, dry, or over-processed, it may not be able to withstand the chemical treatment involved in perming. In this case, it is best to wait until your hair is healthier before getting a perm.
Avoid washing your hair: It is recommended not to wash your hair for at least 24 to 48 hours before getting a perm. Washing your hair can strip it of its natural oils, making it more susceptible to damage during the perm process.
Trim your hair: Getting rid of split ends and damaged hair before getting a perm will help ensure that your curls look healthier and more defined. It is best to trim your hair a few days before getting a perm to allow the hair to settle and recover.
Do a strand test: Before getting a perm, it is recommended to do a strand test to determine how your hair will react to the chemicals involved in perming. Take a small section of hair from the back of your head and apply a small amount of the perm solution to it. Follow the instructions on the product packaging and check the results after the recommended processing time. If your hair reacts negatively to the solution, it is best to avoid getting a perm.
Choose the right perm solution: There are different types of perm solutions available, each designed for specific hair types and textures. It is essential to choose the right perm solution for your hair type to achieve the best results. Consult with a professional stylist or do thorough research to determine the best perm solution for your hair.
Gather the necessary supplies: Before perming your hair, make sure you have all the necessary supplies on hand. This includes perm rods, neutralizer, gloves, a comb, clips, towels, and a timer. You can purchase these supplies at most beauty supply stores or online.
How to Perm Your Hair
Now that you have prepared your hair for the perm process let’s walk you through the steps of how to perm your hair at home. Follow these instructions carefully to achieve the perfect perm.
Step 1: Section your hair
Start by sectioning your hair into four parts – two in the front and two in the back. Clip each section up with hair clips to keep them separate and out of the way.
Step 2: Select perm rod size
Choose the size of the perm rods based on the type of curl you want to achieve. Larger rods will create loose waves, while smaller rods will create tighter curls. It is recommended to start with larger rods if you are new to perming your hair.
Step 3: Apply protective cream
Apply a protective cream or lotion around your hairline and on your ears to protect your skin from the perm solution. This will help prevent irritation and chemical burns.
Step 4: Wrap hair around perm rods
Starting from the nape of your neck, wrap small sections of hair around the perm rods, ensuring that the hair is evenly distributed on the rod. Secure the rod in place with a rubber band or clip.
Step 5: Apply perm solution
Once all of your hair is wrapped around the perm rods, apply the perm solution to each rod, making sure to saturate the hair thoroughly. Follow the instructions on the product packaging for the recommended processing time.
Step 6: Check processing time
Set a timer for the recommended processing time, usually around 20-30 minutes, depending on your hair type and the perm solution used. Avoid leaving the perm solution on your hair for longer than the recommended time to prevent over-processing.
Step 7: Rinse hair
After the processing time is up, rinse your hair with warm water to remove the perm solution. Make sure to rinse thoroughly to ensure that all the chemicals are removed from your hair.
Step 8: Apply neutralizer
Apply the neutralizer to each rod, making sure to saturate the hair thoroughly. This will re-form the disulfide bonds in your hair and lock in the new curl pattern. Leave the neutralizer on your hair for the recommended processing time, usually around 5-10 minutes.
Step 9: Rinse hair again
After the processing time is up, rinse your hair with warm water to remove the neutralizer. Make sure to rinse thoroughly to ensure that all the chemicals are removed from your hair.
Step 10: Remove perm rods
Carefully remove the perm rods from your hair, starting from the bottom and working your way up. Do not pull or tug on the rods, as this can cause damage to your hair.
Step 11: Style your hair
Once the perm rods are removed, gently shake out your curls and style your hair as desired. You can allow your hair to air dry or use a diffuser on a low setting to speed up the drying process.
Aftercare Tips for Permed Hair
After perming your hair, it is essential to take care of your curls to ensure they last longer and look their best. Here are some aftercare tips for permed hair:
Avoid washing your hair for at least 48 hours after getting a perm to allow the curls to set properly.
Use a sulfate-free shampoo and conditioner specifically designed for permed hair to help maintain the curl pattern and prevent frizz.
Avoid using heat styling tools such as flat irons or curling irons, as they can damage the perm and cause the curls to lose their shape.
Use a wide-tooth comb or your fingers to detangle your hair, as brushes can disrupt the curl pattern and cause frizz.
Apply a leave-in conditioner or curl-enhancing product to your hair to help define and maintain your curls.
Get regular trims to remove split ends and keep your curls looking healthy and defined.
Protect your hair from the sun and chlorine by wearing a hat or using a swim cap when outdoors or swimming.
Conclusion
Perming your hair can be a fun and exciting way to change up your look and achieve beautiful, long-lasting curls or waves. By following the steps outlined in this guide and taking care of your permed hair, you can achieve the perfect perm right at home. Remember to consult with a professional stylist or do thorough research before perming your hair to ensure the best results. With the right preparation and aftercare, you can enjoy voluminous, bouncy curls that last for months.
